Astigmatism

What is Astigmatism

Astigmatism occurs when the front part of the eye, the cornea, is not a regular symmetrical spherical shape. Instead, its shape is rather like that of the back of a spoon - longer in one direction than another. Because the cornea is an irregular shape, the eye can't focus light passing through it sharply on to the back of the eye or retina. So vision is blurred at all distances.

What are the Symptoms of Astigmatism

In severe astigmatism, vision is blurred or distorted whether the person is reading close up or looking further into the distance.

In milder cases the person may complain that vision is blurred at certain distances, that they've tired or dry eyes, that it's a struggle to focus or read, or that they've headaches, especially when trying to focus.

What are the Causes of Astigmatism

As the eye develops in the womb, several factors determine the shape of it, including inherited genetic factors and environment. It would seem that these factors can lead to an irregular curvature of the cornea, although the exact cause isn't known.

Traditional Medical Treatments for Astigmatism

In most cases, astigmatism can be corrected by wearing properly fitted spectacles or contact lenses. Milder astigmatism may not need treatment unless the person is doing a job that puts intensive demands on the eyes, for example, computer work.

In some cases, astigmatism can be corrected by an operation which reshapes the cornea. One option is to have a laser treatment. You should discuss the benefits and risks of this treatment with your surgeon before you go ahead.