pre-eclampsia

What is Pre-eclampsia

Pre-eclampsia is a condition which is specific to pregnancy and, if undetected, it can lead to a much more serious, and potentially fatal, form of the disease known as eclampsia.

Eclampsia is a condition characterized by seizures, which is unique to pregnancy. It develops in women with untreated or uncontrollable pre-eclampsia.

Thankfully, eclampsia is a very rare condition in Ireland today, but the importance of regular antenatal check-ups, where blood pressure readings will be monitored, cannot be stressed enough.

What are the Symptoms of Pre-eclampsia

Affected women may also complain of headache, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain or visual disturbances.

If pre-eclampsia is untreated it may lead to eclampsia, which is characterised by seizures, and may be fatal to both mother and baby.

What are the Causes of Pre-eclampsia

Pre-eclampsia is diagnosed when a woman develops high blood pressure, accumulation of fluid in the tissues and protein in the urine. It is extremely rare before 20 weeks and is more likely in a first pregnancy than subsequent pregnancies.

Traditional Medical Treatments for Pre-eclampsia

The very best treatment for eclampsia is its prevention as, even with the very best of medical care, it can result in the death of both mother and baby.

For mild cases of pre-eclampsia, bed rest and frequent monitoring may be sufficient. Bed rest increases the blood flow to the placenta and, as a result, the nutrition to the developing baby is improved.

If the condition continues to worsen (a persistent blood pressure reading greater than 140/90 usually), a woman may be admitted to hospital for management, including anti-hypertensive drugs (drugs to reduce blood pressure) and intensive monitoring of both mother and baby.

If the increased blood pressure persists close to term or eclampsia is imminent, induction of labour or a caesarean section may be necessary.

Complementaty/Alternative Treatments for Pre-eclampsia

Mild pre-eclampsia can often be managed until 36 weeks gestation with medication, a low-salt diet, and plenty of rest.

A calcium supplement daily (1.5g calcium/day) may reduce the risk of eclampsia, particularly in women whose typical calcium intake was low to begin with.